Ultra mild skin cleansing composition

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is an ultra mild skin cleansing composition comprising: mild synthetic surfactants, moisturizers, polymeric skin feel and mildness aids and selected levels of soap. An ultra mild skin cleansing bar is provided which is clinically milder on the skin than water.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 733,670, filed on May 13,1985, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,525.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to mild skin cleansing compositions.

This is a continuation of application Ser. No. 733,670, filed on May 13,1985, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,673,525.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

This invention relates to mild skin cleansers. More particularly, thisinvention relates to skin cleansers comprising synthetic surfactants,moisturizers, polymeric skin feel and mildness aids and soap.

The cleansing of skin with surface-active cleansing preparations hasbecome a focus of great interest. Many people wash and scrub their skinwith various surface-active preparations several times a day. Ideal skincleansers should cleanse the skin gently, causing little or noirritation, without defatting and overdrying the skin or leaving it tautafter frequent routine use. Most lathering soaps, liquids and barsincluded, fail in this respect.

Synthetic detergent bars, frequently referred to as "syndet bars," arewell known and are becoming increasingly popular. However, widespreadreplacement of soap bars by syndet bars has not so far been possible fora variety of reasons, primarily the poor physical characteristics ofsyndet bars as compared to soap bars, e.g., smear or bar messiness andlather quality.

Certain synthetic surfactants are particularly mild. However, a majordrawback of most mild synthetic surfactant systems when formulated forskin cleansing is poor lather performance, when compared to the highestbar soap standards (bars which are rich in coconut soap andsuperfatted). On the other side, the use of known high sudsing anionicsurfactants with lather boosters can yield acceptable lather volume.Unfortunately, however, the highest sudsing anionic surfactants are, infact, poor in clinical skin mildness. Surfactants that are among themildest, such as sodium lauryl glyceryl ether sulfonate, (AGS), aremarginal in lather. It will be appreciated that these two factors makethe surfactant selection, the lather and the skin feel benefitformulation process, a delicate balancing act.

Similarly, optimization of bar firmness also requires a delicatebalancing act with respect to maintaining acceptable lather andmildness, although as a single variable, bar firmness is accomplishedthrough a fairly straightforward process with adjustments to levels offillers, binders, etc., such as free fatty acids.

It is know that moisturizers provide skin conditioning benefits. Forexample, it is known that glycerin and/or free fatty acids are added tobars or liquid cleansing products for skin benefits.

Likewise, polymeric skin feel aids are known to those knowledgeable inthe art for providing unique tactile characteristics to both the latherand the skin during rinsing.

For background, examples of liquid cleansing compositions are disclosedin the following references. U.S. Pat. No. 4,338,211, Stiros, issuedJuly 6, 1982, discloses liquid skin cleanser with 2.3% to 3% AGS, thepolymer JR-400 and small amounts of free fatty acid plus a fatty acidalkylolamide as lather boosting agents. Compositions containing thesurfactants AGS and sarcosinate are not disclosed. Also, U.S. Pat. No.4,491,539, James J. Hoskins and Adriaan Kessler, issued Jan. 1, 1985,discloses liquid cleansing products comprising about 5% to 30% ofsurfactant, about 0.1% to about 1.0% of guar material, about 0.15% toabout 1.0% of nonionic carboxyvinyl polymer, and water. Exemplarycompositions containing mild surfactants in general and, specifically,the surfactants AGS and sarcosinate are not disclosed. Anotherbackground reference is British Pat. No. 2,103,236A, Colgate, Feb. 16,1984, which discloses a liquid detergent containing guar gum, a ternarysurfactant mixture including betaine. AGS is not used.

U.S. Pat. No. 2,894,912, Geitz, issued July 14, 1959, for "IsethionateDetergent Bar," discloses a detergent bar consisting essentially of from30-70% of water-soluble alkali metal detergent salts of esters ofisethionic acid with mixed aliphatic fatty acids having from 6 to 18carbon atoms and an iodine value of less than 20, of which mixed acidsat least 75% have from 12 to 18 carbon atoms and up to 25% have from 6to 10 carbon atoms, from 2-10% of at least one water-solublesuds-boosting detergent salt selected from the group consisting ofalkali metal and organic amine higher aliphatic fatty alcohol sulfates,alkyl aryl sulfonates, and higher aliphatic fatty acid taurides, fromabout 1% to about 9% water, from about 2.5% to about 25% ofwater-soluble higher fatty acid soap, and from 10-40% of at least onehigher fatty acid having from about 12 to about 25 carbon atoms as abinder and plasticizer, said bar having a pH within the range from 6 to8, measured as a 10% aqueous solution of the bar composition at 35° C.This patent does not teach the use of polymeric skin feel aids nor theuse of other mild synthetics.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,234,464, Morshauser, issued Nov. 18, 1980, for"Detergent Bar Composition and Binder Therefor," discloses a detergentbar in Example 6 which comprises: 45% sodium cocoyl isethionate, 5%alkyl amide, 37.5% stearic acid, 5.0% hydrogenated tallow glycerides,and 1% Polymer JR. Morshauser teaches that his detergent bars cancontain up to 5% soap "without substantial detriment." This patent alsoteaches the use of up to 1.5% cationic polymer.

U.S. Pat. No. 4,012,341, Orshitzer et al., issued Mar. 15, 1977, for a"Unique All Synthetic Detergent Shampoo Bar," discloses a bar comprisinga mixture of anionic and nonionic detergents. Examples 2 and 4 use 1%JR-400 in bars primarily based on sodium lauryl sulfate, which is anunacceptable surfactant for the present invention.

U.S. Pat. No. 3,761,418, Parran, Jr., issued Sept. 25, 1973, for"Detergent Compositions Containing Particle Deposition EnhancingAgents," discloses detergent compositions including a bar which contains1% JR-400. However, the main surfactant is alkyl sulfate, which isunacceptable for the mild skin cleanser of the present invention.

Thus, in view of the above, it will be appreciated that rather stringentrequirements for skin cleansers limit the choice of surface-activeagents and final formulations represent some degree of compromise.Mildness is often obtained at the expense of effective cleansing andlathering. Conversely, mildness may be sacrificed for either preferredlathering characteristics, bar firmness, product stability, or all ofthese.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

This invention represents a skin cleansing composition which providesultra skin mildness, excellent lather and bar firmness. Therefore, oneobject of this invention is the development of skin cleansingcompositions which exhibit superior skin mildness and moisturizationwhile maintaining acceptable lather and bar properties.

Another object of the present invention is the development of skincleansers having skin feel and mildness benefits.

Other objects will become apparent from the detailed description below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a static diffusion cell diagram.

FIGS. 2-5 show comparative clinical mildness results of variouscleansing compositions.

FIG. 6 shows lather volume as a function of selected soap levels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This invention is an ultra mild skin cleansing composition comprising:mild synthetic surfactants, moisturizers, polymeric skin feel and skinmildness aids and soap. An ultra mild skin cleansing bar is providedwhich is clinically milder on the skin than water. Thus, the presentinvention offers a remarkable combination of desirable properties toskin cleansing formulations. The invention provides a mild, effectiveskin cleansing composition having superior moisturization and skinmildness and skin feel benefits. The composition leaves the skin feelingmoist, soft and smooth after washing. A preferred cleansing product is atoilet bar having 20-70% mild surfactant, 10-40% moisturizer, 0.1-5%polymeric skin feel and mildness aid and 5.5-25% soap.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to an ultra mild skin cleansing composition withsuperior moisturization, excellent skin feel benefits and latherperformance. This mild cleansing composition is believed to providesuperior moisturization, less skin irritation and facial tautness thancommercially available toilet soap bars, synthetic toilet bars or otherknown surfactant based specialty skin cleansing products such as liquidsand creams. Ultra mild liquids and creams can be made by diluting themild cleansing compositions disclosed herein with 20-70% water. Thecomposition of this invention leaves the skin feeling soft and smoothafter washing and is also clinically milder than washing with wateralone. The percentages herein are on a total composition weight basisunless otherwise specified.

A preferred composition contains: 10-40% moisturizer, e.g., free fattyacids; 40-70% of mild surfactants, e.g., alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate(AGS) plus a co-surfactant selected from anionic alkyoyl (acyl)sarcosinates; 0.1-4% polymeric skin feel and skin mildness aids selectedfrom cationic polymers including guar gums, cellulosic resins;homopolymers and copolymers of diemthyldiallylammonium chloride andnonionic guar gums, and soap at a level of 5.5-20%.

The Surfactant

A mild surfactant as defined herein includes those which have a RelativeSkin Barrier Penetration Value as defined hereinbelow of as close tozero as possible up to about 75. The mild synthetic surfactant ispresent in the composition at a level of 20-70% preferably 40-70% andmore preferably 50-65%. Also the synthetic surfactant and soap haveratios of 2:1 to 12:1, preferably 4:1 to 10:1 and more preferably 6:1 to9:1.

Preferred mild anionic and amphoteric surfactants used in this inventioninclude suitable alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate (AGS), anionic acylsarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acylisethionates, alkyl sulfosucinate, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylatedalkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates,mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates and alkyl amine oxides, betaines,sultaines, and mixtures thereof. Included in the surfactants are thealkyl ether sulfates with 1 to 12 ethoxy groups, especially ammonium andsodium lauryl ether sulfates. Alkyl chains for these surfactants are C₈-C₂₂, preferably C₁₀ -C₁₈ Alkyl glucosides and methyl glucose esters arepreferred mild nonionics which may be mixed with at least one of saidmild anionic or amphoteric surfactants in the compositions of thisinvention.

A preferred primary mild surfactant is sodium coco glyceryl ethersulfonate which is mild and relatively nonirritating to the skin. Thishas been demonstrated in in vitro nonclinical mildness testing. Whiledesirable to incorporate into a skin cleanser for its mildnessproperties, this coco AGS alone does not provide optimum lathercreaminess. A sodium 90/10 coconut/tallow alkyl AGS distribution ispreferred for creaminess. Salts other than the sodium salt such as TEA-,ammonium- and K-AGS and chain length distributions other than 90/10coconut/tallow are usable at moderate levels. Also, some soap is addedto improve lather volume and speed of lathering. Certain secondaryco-surfactants used in combination with AGS can also provide a creamierand more stable lather. These secondary surfactants must also beintrinsically mild. One secondary surfactant that has been found to beespecially desirable is sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (trade name HamposylL, made by Hampshire Chemical).

The amphoteric betaines and sultaines can be used as the solesurfactant, but are more preferred as a co-surfactant. Nonionics cannotbe used as the sole surfactant in this product because of their lowfoaming ability; however, they can be incorporated as a co-surfactant.

In Vitro Skin Barrier Penetration Test

Introduction

The skin barrier penetration test (see test apparatus in FIG. 1) is usedto screen mild surfactants from nomild surfactants. In this test themilder the surfactant, the lesser the skin barrier 4 is desroyed. Skinbarrier destruction is measured by the relative amount of radio-labeledwater (³ H--H₂ O) which passes from the test solution 3 through the skinepidermis 5 into the distilled water contained in the diffusate chamber6. (This test is also described by T. J. Franz in the J. Invest. Derm.,64, pp. 190-195, 1975.)

Test Apparatus

The skin barrier penetration test utilizes a static diffusion cell 1diagrammed in FIG. 1. When studying surfactants which are not soluble atroom temperature, water-jacketed cell tops (not shown) are used to holdthe test solution 3 reservoir 2 at a different temperature than thediffusate chamber 6.

Human skin epidermis 5 is placed on the flat area of the diffusatechamber 6 and the diffusate chamber 6 is filled with distilled water 11for collection of the transported radio-labeled water. The diffusatechamber 6 is surrounded by a water jacket 12. Temperature control isprovided by circulating water bath (outflow 8 and inflow 9) pumped froma water bath at a predetermined temperature. When applicable, a jacketedtop is connected to a second circulator/temperature bath. The diffusatechamber 6 is typically maintained at 25° C. An O-ring joint clampsecures the test solution reservoir 2, sandwiching the skin epidermis 5in between it and the diffusate chamber 6.

This test uses cells which have a diffusion area of 0.20 cm ². Thediffusate chamber 6 holds approximately 5 ml. The bottom of the chamber6 is flattened to allow spinning of a small magnetic stirring bar 10.The bars 10 are spun by a series of permanent magnets attached toindividual electric motors. The motors turn at 300 rpm.

The test solution reservoir 2 holds approximately 1 ml of test solution3. During testing the tops of reservoir 2 are sealed with Parafilm toinhibit evaporation and prevent spillage.

Skin Epidermis Preparation

Prior to testing, the skin epidermis is separated from the whole skin.The whole skin is thawed to room temperature and adipose tissue(cellular fat) is removed by surgical scalpel to the adipose-dermaljunction. This "defatted" skin is immersed in 60° C. water for 80seconds. This heat treatment makes possible the separation of theepidermis from the dermis at their junction. The epidermis is placed ona sheet of aluminum foil and rinsed with hexane for 5 seconds to removeexcess fat globules still clinging to the surface. It is then sprayedwith distilled water for 5 seconds to wash away the hexane. Theepidermis sample is wrapped in Saran Warp®, placed in an aluminum pouch,and frozen in a standard freezer until needed.

Test Procedure

The following discussion describes a typical skin barrier penetrationtest. There are 30 cells per test, 5 replicates per treatment. Thispermits testing of 5 surfactant solutions plus a water control. Due tolarge variability in percutaneous transport (site to site and individualto individual), the water control is a mandatory reference point foreach experiment.

Dose test solutions are prepared on a weight/weight basis on ananalytical (±0.0001 g) balance. Since each static diffusion cell 1 isdosed with 500 μ1, a minimum of 3 ml of each test solution 3 should beprepared (5 doses + standard). Each solution is spiked with ³ H--H₂ O toan approximate activity of 1.8 μCi/ml dosing solution. This insures asufficient level of ³ H transport for the sampling interval (2 hours).

During sample collection, the entire volume of the diffusate chamber 6is emptied through the sampling port 7, rinsed, and refilled with freshdistilled water 11. Samples are collected at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 24 hoursafter initial dosing. The sample plus rinse is emptied into ascintillation vial, brought to 7 ml total volume and analyzed by liquidscintillation counting.

Standards are included for each sample. One hundred microliters (induplicate) are placed in a scintillation vial and brought to 7 ml totalvolume with distilled water. The counts per minute (cpm) for diffusatesamples are converted to equivalent mg water using the relation ##EQU1##

The "water flux" is computed as a total sum penetrant using standardprograms on a Tektronix 4052A computer. It is important to realize thathis "water flux" is a mg water equivalent of the ³ H flux. It does notrepresent a net water flux, since water is diffusing in both directionsin this experiment. The relative flux (vs. water control) is anindication of barrier integrity.

Skin Barrier Penetration Test Values for AGS and cocoyl isethionate aregiven in Table 1. Water and sodium dodecylsulfate ("SDS") are the mildand harsh controls, respectively. The test results are expressed interms of the total amount of water penetrating through the skin in 24hours. These amounts have also been converted to a relative scale (seeTable 1) with water set to zero, SDS to 100, and AGS and isethionateinterpolated in between.

                  TABLE 1                                                         ______________________________________                                        Skin Barrier Penetration                                                                      Total mg Water                                                                            Relative                                                          Penetrating Skin Barrier                                                      the Skin    Penetration                                       Treatment       in 24 Hours Value                                             ______________________________________                                        Water Control   12.0 ± 3.6                                                                              0                                                1% AGS.sup.a    22.8 ± 7.9                                                                              9                                                1% Cocoyl Isethionate                                                                         60.3 ± 17.7                                                                             40                                               1% SDS.sup.b - Reference                                                                      131.7 ± 68.0                                                                           100                                               ______________________________________                                         .sup.a AGS is sodium coco AGS                                                 .sup.b SDS is sodium dodecylsulfate                                      

A mild surfactant as defined herein includes those which have a RelativeSkin Barrier Penetration Value of as close to zero as possible. Mostmild surfactants have Values of from about 7 to about 75, preferably 50or less, and more preferably 40 or less. Surfactants which have RelativeSkin Barrier Penetration Values of greater than 75 can be used alongwith the mild surfactant at low levels in the compositions of thisinvention, so long as their use does not significantly change theclinical skin mildness of the total skin cleansing composition.

Moisturizers/Emollients

Moisturizers are included to provide the skin conditioning benefits andto improve the mildness of the product. The selection of the levels andtypes of moisturizers to be incorporated into the product is madewithout adversely affecting the stability of the product or its in-usecharacteristics, thereby delivering good moisturization and lather.

The term "moisturizer" is often used within the cosmetic industrywithout very exact definition. The term is sometimes used as synonymouswith emollient, and is then meant to describe a material which imparts asmooth and soft feeling to the skin surface.

There are two ways of reducing water loss from the stratum corneum. Oneis to deposit on the surface of the skin an occlusive layer whichreduces the rate of evaporation. The second method is to addnonocclusive hydgroscopic substances to the stratum corneum which willretain water, and make this water available to the stratum corneum toalter its physical properties and produce a cosmetically desirableeffect. Nonocclusive moisturizers also function by improving thelubricity of the skin.

Both occlusive and nonocclusive moisturizers can work in the presentinvention. Some examples of moisturizers are long chain fatty acids,liquid water-soluble polyols, glycerin, propylene glycol, sorbitol,polyethylene glycol, ethoxylated/propoxylated ethers of methyl glucose(e.g., methyl gluceth-20) and ethoxylated/propoxylated ethers of lanolinalcohol (e.g., Solulan-75).

The moisturizers useful in the present invention are used at a level of10% to 40% by weight of the composition. The preferred and morepreferred levels of moisturizers are, respectively, 10% to 30% and 12%to 25%. The preferred moisturizers are the coco and tallow fatty acids.Some other preferred moisturizers are the nonocclusive liquidwater-soluble polyols and the essential amino acid compounds foundnaturally in the skin. The most preferred moisturizer is a mixture ofstearic and lauric acids having a ratio of from 2:1 to 1:1. Thesemoisturizers also aid in solid bar integrity at said levels. Themoisturizer, at these levels, provides superior moisturization. In thecomposition of this invention the high level of moisturizer with soapcan also provide an enhanced lather and mildness.

The moisturizer to soap ratios are preferably 1:1 to 7:1 and, morepreferably, 1:1 to 4:1.

Other preferred nonocclusive moisturizers are compounds found to benaturally occurring in the stratum corneum of the skin, such as sodiumpyrrolidone carboxylic acid, lactic acid, urea, L-proline, guanidine andpyrrolidone. Examples of other nonocclusive moisturizers includehexadecyl, myristyl, isodecyl or isopropyl esters of adipic, lactic,oleic, stearic, isostearic, myristic or linoleic acids, as well as manyof their corresponding alcohol esters (sodium isostearoyl-2-lactylate,sodium capryl lactylate), hydrolyzed protein and other collagen-derivedproteins, aloe vera gel and acetamide MEA.

Some occlusive moisturizers include petrolatum, mineral oil, beeswax,silicones, lanolin and oil-soluble lanolin derivatives, saturated andunsaturated fatty alcohols such as behenyl alcohol, squalene andsqualane, and various animal and vegetable oils such as almond oil,peanut oil, wheat germ oil, linseed oil, jojoba oil, oil of apricotpits, walnuts, palm nuts, pistachio nuts, sesame seeds, rapeseed, cadeoil, corn oil, peach pit oil, poppyseed oil, pine oil, castor oil,soybean oil, avocado oil, safflower oil, coconut oil, hazelnut oil,olive oil, grape seed oil and sunflower seed oil.

Other examples of both types of moisturizers are disclosed in"Emollients--A Critical Evaluation," by J. Mausner, Cosmetics &Toiletries, May 1981, incorporated herein by reference.

The Polymeric Skin Feel and Skin Mildness Aids

The polymeric skin feel and mildness aids useful in the presentinvention are the cationic, anionic, amphoteric, and the nonionicpolymers used in the cosmetic field. Reduced skin irritation benefits asmeasured by patch testing of cationic and nonionic types of polymers areset out in "Polymer JR for Skin Care" Bulletin, by Union Carbide, 1977.The cationics are preferred over the others because they provide betterskin feel benefits. Examples of the cationic polymers and the nonionicpolymers useful in the present invention are set out below.

The amount of polymeric skin feel and mildness aids found useful in thecomposition of the present invention is from about 0.01% to about 5%,preferably from about 0.3% to about 4%. In bar compositions with lessthan 5.5% soap, the polymer is used at a level of 2% to 5%, preferably3% or more. The soap to polymer presence in the composition of thisinvention preferably has a stoichimetric ratios of about 1:1 to 14:1,preferably 4:1 to 10:1 on a charge basis.

In order to achieve superior skin mildness and moisturization for thiscomposition, it was discovered that a combination of moisturizer (10-40%in the composition) and a selected polymeric ingredient, e.g., PolymerJR-400, made by Union Carbide Corporation, is required.

Other types of high molecular weight polymeric skin feel and skinmildness aids, such as nonionic guar gums, Merquats 100 and 550, made byMerck & Co., Inc; JAGUAR C-14-S made by Stein Hall; Mirapol A15 made byMiranol Chemical Company, Inc.; and Galactasol 811, made by Henkel,Inc.; plus others, are usable. The polymer also provides enhanced creamylather benefits.

The nonionic polymers found to be useful include the nonionicpolysaccharides, e.g., nonionic hydroxypropyl guar gums, offered byCelanese Water Soluble Polymers, a Division of Celanese Corp. Apreferred nonionic hydroxypropyl guar gum material is JAGUAR® HP-60having molar substitution of about 0.6. Another class of usefulnonionics is the cellulosic nonionic polymers, e.g., HEC and CMC.

The cationic polymers employed in this invention also provide adesirable silky, soft, smooth in-use feeling. The preferred level forthis invention is 0.1-5% of the composition. While not being bound toany theory, it is believed that cationic polymers chemically interactwith the anionic surfactants (e.g., AGS and sarcosinates) to formcomplexes which may enhance the mildness to skin characteristics of thealready mild surfactants. Also, there is reason to believe that thepositively charged cationic polymers can bind with negatively chargedsites on the skin to provide a soft skin feel after use. Not to be boundby any theory, it is believed that the greater the charge density of thecationic polymer, the more effective it is for skin feel benefits.

Other suitable cationic polymers are copolymers ofdimethylaminoethylmethacrylate and acrylamide and copolymers ofdimethyldiallylammonium chloride and acrylamide in which the ratio ofthe cationic to neutral monomer units has been selected to give acopolymer having a cationic charge. Yet other suitable types of cationicpolymers are the cationic starches, e.g., StaLok®300 and 400 made byStaley, Inc.

A more complete list of cationic polymers useful in the presentinvention is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,438,095, to Grollier/Allec,issued Mar. 20, 1984, incorporated herein by reference. Some of the morepreferred cationics are listed in Col. 3, section 2; Col. 5, section 8;Col. 8, section 10; and Col. 9, lines 10-15 of the Grollier/Allecpatent, incorporated herein by reference.

SOAPS

Soaps are included in the compositions of this invention for improvedlather, particularly under heavy soil loads. It is also surprising thatthe soap as used in the compositions of this invention provide clinicalbenefits for less skin dryness at levels up to 25% and less skinirritation (erythema) at levels up to 15%.

Soaps can be used at levels of 5.5-25%, prferably 6-15%, and mostpreferably at a level of 6-8%. The soaps are preferably made in situ viaadding a base, e.g., NaOH, to convert free fatty acids in thecomposition mix. A minor amount of soap, about 0.1-0.5% as shown inTables 2, 3 and 5, is present as a by-product of the syntheticsurfactant. See the process for making an ultra mild bar set out below.

The preferred ultra mild skin cleansing composition is a bar comprising:20-50% mild synthetic surfactant; 10-40% moisturizer; 0.1-5% polymericskin feel aid, and 5.5-25% soap; wherein the synthetic surfactant andsoap has a ratio of from 2:1 to 12:1; the moisturizer to soap has aratio of from 1:1 to 7:1; and the soap to polymer has a stoichiometricratio of from about 1:1 to about 14:1 on a charge basis. Preferably thesynthetic to soap ratio is 4:1 to 10:1, and more preferably 6:1 to 9:1.The preferred moisturizer to soap ratio is from 2:1 to 4:1. Thepreferred soap to polymer stoichiometric ratio is from 4:1 to 10:1.

The soap is preferably made in situ from free fatty acids and a baseselected from magnesium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, preferablysodium hydroxide and triethanolamine. The preferred soap level is 6-15%of the composition, particularly in ultra mild skin cleansingcompositions which contain from 10-30% fatty acids. Particularlypreferred fatty acids are mixtures of stearic and lauric acids having aratio of from 2:1 to 1:1.

Optionals

The usual optionals can be used in the composition of the presentinvention.

Perfumes may be used in formulating the skin cleansing products,generally at a level of about 0.1% to about 1.5% of the composition.Colorants, and also fillers such as talc and clay, may also be used.Preservatives, e.g., EDTA, generally at a level of less than 1% of thecomposition, may be incorporated in the cleansing products to preventmicrobiological growth. Anti-bacterials can also be incorporated,usually at levels up to 1.5%.

Process for Making the Ultra Mild Toilet Bar

In order to make the product, an analysis of the surfactant paste isneeded. To illustrate the process, an AGS paste with the followingnominal analysis will be used.

Cationic Titration for SO₃ =48.5% AGS

NaCl=1.5%

Moisture=43%

After the composition of the AGS paste is determined, the crutcher mixis calculated using the AGS/sarcosinate ratio of 4:1, 55% moisture inthe crutcher mix and about 3.5% NaCl in the final bar.

Crutching

Assuming 200 lb (90.8 Kg) crutcher mix and the above AGS anaylsis.

1. Heat crutcher mix to 200° F. (93° C.) by adjusting steam and watervalves.

2. Add 83.7 lbs. (38 Kg) of AGS paste.

3. Turn on agitator and recirculation pump.

4. When the AGS temperature is 130° F. (54° C.) add 12.0 lbs. (5.45 Kg)of stearic acid.

5. When the crutcher mix temperature is back up to 130° F. (54° C.) add2.18 lbs. (991 g) of 50% NaOH.

6. Add 2-3 gal. (7.6-11.4 liters) of hot water (160°-180° F., 71°-82°C.) as needed to thin the crutcher mix to obtain good mixing.

7. Allow the crutcher contents to mix for about 20 minutes and maintainthe temperature at 130°-140F. (54°-60° C.).

8. Add 10.15 lbs. (4.61 Kg) of Hamposyl L-95 C₁₂ sarcosinate.

9. Add 2-3 gal. (7.6-11.4 liters) of hot water as needed for goodmixing.

10. Maintain 140° F. (60° C.).

11. In a suitable container, slurry 2.71 lbs. (1.23 Kg) of JR-400 in hotwater.

12. Add the JR-400 slurry to the crutcher; add more hot water as neededto get to 55% H₂ O in the crutcher.

13. Add 8.0 lbs. (3.63 Kg) of lauric acid.

14. Add 0.22 lbs. (101 g) of TiO₂.

15. Add 1.16 lbs. (527 g) of NaCl.

16. Mix for at least 20 min. and bring the crutcher mix temperature upto 175° F. (79° C.).

Drying

The crutcher mix is dried on a atmospheric drum dryer. The optimumoperating conditons are 3-4 rpm, 80 psi and approximately 310° F. (154°C.). The nip of the drums are set to give a fairly thin flake. The nipis increased to give thicker flake and to allow the higher moisture inthe flake. Typical moisture for the flake is 2-3%. The three ways toregulate the moisture, in the order of preference, are (1) opening orclosing the drum gap; (2) increasing or decreasing the drum speed; and(3) increasing or decreasing the steam pressure.

Amalgamating

The flakes are weighed and mixed in a batch amalgamator to obtain auniform flake sample for moisture analysis. Once the percent water isknown, water and perfume are added to bring the flakes up to finaltarget formula. About 1/2% extra water is added to allow for lossesduring processing. The sticky, perfumed flakes are transferred to themill hopper.

Milling

The 3-roll soap mills are set up with the first roll at 100° F. (38° C.)and the other 2 rolls at about 70° F. (21° C.). The soap is passedthrough the mills several times and forms sticky flakes. These flakesare put into a sealed plastic bag and placed in the 100° F. (38° C.)constant temperature room overnight. The flakes are milled one finaltime prior to plodding.

Plodding and Stamping

The plodder is set up with the barrel temperature at ambient to cold andthe nose temperature at 120°-130°F. (49-54° C.). The ideal plodder is adual stage plodder that allows use of a vacuum of about 15-25 in. Hg.The plugs should be cut in 5" sections and stamped with a cold die blockand stamp using a die liquor such as alcohol.

CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF ULTRA MILD TOILET BAR

The clinical test procedure used to evaluate several toilet barformulations for skin mildness is given below.

Clinical Mildness Arm Wash Test Procedure (2 Washes Per Day for TwoWeeks for 23 Washes)

The washings were performed by technical personnel. Each panelist wasassigned a set of two test products for washings. These bars were allkept under technical personnel control in plastic dishes. The testprocedure is:

1. Wet the anterior portion (inside) of the forearm of the panelist with90°-100° F. (32°-38° C.) water (6-8 grains hardness) from the elbow tothe wrist.

2. Pick up and wet the bar.

3. Rub bar from wrist area up to the elbow and back down again inapproximately 1 second. Repeat rubbing 5 more up-down cycles for a totalof 6 cycles in 6 seconds.

4. Put bar aside and rub area in the same manner with the hand for 10additional seconds (approximately 10 additional up-down cycles).

5. Rinse forearm thoroughly with tap water. Pat dry with clean papertowels.

6. Repeat procedure on other arm.

For Panelists on Water Treatment

1. Wet the anterior portion (inside) of the forearm with 90°-100° F.(32°-38° C.) water 6-8 grains hardness) from the elbow to the wrist.

2. Rub hand (up and down) on arm for 15 seconds.

3. Rinse forearm thoroughly with tap water. Pat dry with clean papertowels.

Test Product Formulations

The formulations of the products tested clinically are given in theTables. The molar equivalents of only Example F are given in Table 3 toillustrate the stoichiometric ratios of several key ingredients. Themoles of polymer are based on the average molecular weight of monomercontaining one positive charge.

                  TABLE 2                                                         ______________________________________                                        Test Product Formulations                                                            Examples:                                                                       A         C 0.5%    F       G                                        Ingredients                                                                            5% JR-400 JR-400    3% JR-400                                                                             1.5% JR-400                              ______________________________________                                        NaAGS    36.0      36.0      48.14   48.74                                    NaC.sub.12 Sar-                                                                        9.5       9.5       11.07   11.21                                    cosinate                                                                      Stearic Acid                                                                           24.5      24.5      9.58    10.22                                    Lauric Acid                                                                            --        --        6.39    6.81                                     JR-400   5.0       0.5       3.08    1.56                                     Dextrin  8.7       14.2      --      --                                       Unsulfonated                                                                           3.9       3.9       1.24    1.26                                     Alcohol                                                                       Na Laurate                                                                             0.4       0.4       0.49    0.50                                     Na Soap  --        --        7.69    7.79                                     (60/40 T/C)                                                                   NaCl     3.4       3.4       3.29    4.03                                     Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4                                                                      1.6       1.6       1.24    1.26                                     TiO.sub.2                                                                              0.5       0.5       0.26    0.26                                     Perfume  0.5       0.5       1.03    1.04                                     Water    6.0       5.0       6.43    5.26                                     ______________________________________                                    

Example H (mildness results are shown in FIG. 3 as Curve H) issubstantially the same formulation as Example G, except that theformulation contained no JR-400 polymer. Examples E and K are 50/50tallow/coconut super fatted bar soap.

Example D is Dove®, (a commercially available bar) which does notcontain polymeric skin feel and polymeric skin mildness aids.

                  TABLE 3                                                         ______________________________________                                        Molar Equivalents of Example F with 3% JR-400                                 Ingredient       m Moles/100 g Bar                                            ______________________________________                                        Sodium Soap (60/40)                                                                            27.7                                                         Sodium AGS       116.0                                                        Unsulfonated Alcohol                                                                           15.8                                                         Stearic Acid     32.8                                                         Sodium Lauryl Sarcosinate                                                                      36.7                                                         Sodium Laurate    2.1                                                         Lauric Acid      31.1                                                         Polymer JR-400    4.3                                                         ______________________________________                                    

Note from Table 3 that the stoichiometric ratio of soap (27.7) topolymer (4.3) is about 7:1. It will be appreciated that the totalsynthetic surfactant to soap weight ratio in Example F reported in Table2 is about 7.5:1, and the total moisturizer to soap ratio is about 2:1.

Clinical Test Skin Grading Scales

The forearm skin grading scales reported herein are set out below.

Forearm Grading Scale Skin Dryness

    ______________________________________                                        0      Perfect skin.                                                          1.0    Patches of checking and/or slight powderiness                                 and occasional patches of small scales may be                                 seen. Distribution generalized.                                        2.0    Generalized slight powderiness. Early cracking                                or occasional small lifting scales may be present.                     3.0    Generalized moderate powderiness and/or                                       moderate cracking and lifting scales.                                  4.0    Generalized heavy powderiness and/or heavy                                    cracking and lifting scales.                                           5.0    Generalized high cracking and lifting scales.                                 Eczematous change may be present. Powderiness                                 may be present but not prominent. May see                                     bleeding crack.                                                        6.0    Generalized severe cracking. Eczematous change                                may be present. Bleeding cracks may be present.                               Scales large, may be beginning to disappear.                           ______________________________________                                    

    ______________________________________                                        Skin Erythema         Skin Smoothness                                         ______________________________________                                        0   No redness        0     Very high                                                                     smoothness/slick                                  1.0 Barely detectible redness                                                                       1.0   Extreme smoothness                                2.0 Slight redness    2.0   Substantial smoothness                            3.0 Moderate redness  3.0   Moderate smoothness                               4.0 Heavy or substantial redness                                                                    4.0   Slight smoothness                                 5.0 Severe redness    5.0   Barely detectible                                                             smoothness                                        6.0 Extreme redness   6.0   No smoothness                                     ______________________________________                                    

The term "generalized" as used herein means that more than 50% of thesurface area of the forearm exhibits the attribute. Whole unit skingrades reflect generalized condition. Half units are used to representintermediate conditions.

Clinical Test Results

The clinical mildness test results expressed in terms of skin grades fordryness, erythema, and smoothness are shown below in Table 4 and theskin dryness grades are plotted vs. time in FIG. 3. Skin dryness gradesfrom a second clinical test are shown in a similar fashion in FIG. 2.Water treatment results are shown as curves B and l in FIGS. 2 and 3,respectively. Curves D and J are the results of DOVE® (a commerciallyavailable bar).

                  TABLE 4                                                         ______________________________________                                        Two Week Clinical Results                                                     Skin Grades                                                                   Example   Dryness     Erythema   Smoothness                                   ______________________________________                                        F         1.16 H-K    1.04 J,K   2.76 H                                       G         1.25 J,K    1.07 J,K   2.75                                         H         1.37 F,J,K  1.19 K     2.58 F,I,K                                   I         1.44 F,K    1.23 K     2.81 H                                       J         1.55 F,G,K  1.28 F,G,K 2.72 K                                       K         2.17 F,K    1.75 F-J   2.87 I,J                                     ______________________________________                                    

In Table 4 the visual skin grades for dryness, erythema and tactilegrades for smoothness are all assigned from a six point scale (0-6), thelower the grade the better the skin mildness. Letter codes indicatestatistically significant (α=0.05) differences. Also see FIGS. 2 and 3for a graphic report of these data.

These data show that the toilet skin cleansing bars of this invention(Examples A, G and F) result in the desired mild skin cleansing actionwith improved skin feel and moisturization benefits. Note that Example Alisted in Table 2 is as mild as "B" water (see FIG. 2). It will beappreciated that bars F and G are actually milder than water (l) asshown in Table 4 and FIG. 3. It will also be appreciated that the toiletskin cleansing bars A, G and F of the present invention are not onlymild but also have excellent bar smear and lather performance.

It will be appreciated that the addition of selected levels of soapsurprisingly provide improved skin mildness. Examples L-P set out inTable 5 show the selected levels. The effect of varying amounts of soapin this invention on clinical skin condition is demonstrated in Table 6.The skin dryness and skin erythema grades are respectively plotted inFIGS. 4 and 5 vs. soap level. The overall conclusion from these data isthat selected levels of soap surprisingly provide additional clinicalmildness benefit for reduced skin dryness and erythema and enhanced skinsmoothness. The reduced skin dryness benefit shown in FIG. 4 is maximumat the 7-20% soap level, whereas the reduced erythema shown in FIG. 5(and smoothness benefit in Table 6) is maximum at about the 7% soaplevel.

                  TABLE 5                                                         ______________________________________                                        Test Product Formulations                                                            Test Product                                                           Ingredients                                                                            L         M       N       O     P                                    ______________________________________                                        Na AGS   43.15     43.15   33.15   16.00 9.15                                 NaC.sub.12                                                                             10.80     10.80   8.30    --    2.30                                 Sarcosinate                                                                   Stearic Acid                                                                           16.00     11.50   11.84   12.89 12.73                                Lauric Acid                                                                            10.67     7.67    7.89    8.59  8.49                                 JR-400   3.00      3.00    3.00    3.00  3.00                                 Unsulfonated                                                                           0.83      0.83    0.64    0.31  0.18                                 Alcohol                                                                       Na Laurate                                                                             0.48      0.48    0.37    --    0.10                                 Na Soap  --        7.50    20.05   45.01 49.99                                NaCl     4.04      4.04    4.04    4.00  4.03                                 Na.sub.2 SO.sub.4                                                                      1.20      1.20    0.92    0.44  0.25                                 TiO.sub.2                                                                              0.25      0.25    0.25    0.25  0.25                                 Perfume  1.00      1.00    1.00    1.00  1.00                                 Water    8.50      8.50    8.50    8.50  8.50                                 Miscellaneous                                                                          0.08      0.08    0.06    --    0.02                                 ______________________________________                                    

                                      TABLE 6                                     __________________________________________________________________________    Two Week Clinical Results                                                     Skin Grades                                                                   Test                                                                          Product                                                                            % Soap Dryness                                                                            Erythema                                                                              Smoothness                                           __________________________________________________________________________    L    --     2.11 1.78    1.79                                                 M     7.50  1.89 1.64    1.66                                                 N    20.05  1.91 1.80    1.76                                                 O    45.01  2.15 1.75    1.73                                                 P    49.99  2.09 1.79    1.73                                                 __________________________________________________________________________

Laboratory Assessment of Bar Performance

The following test procedures are used to evaluate the critical barperformance attributes of lather volume and bar firmness during use.

Bar Soap Firmness Test

The bar soap firmness test measures two quantitative parameters of barfirmness after sitting in a wet soap dish for 16 hours: (1) depth of barsurface softening and (2) amount of bar messiness by weight percent ofinitial bar weight.

Equipment

The following equipment is used:

1. "Alathon" rectangular plastic soap dishes (U.S. Pat. No. 2,842,178)with low ridges.

2. Precision Scientific Co. penetrometer with ball shaft, 300 gramweight.

3. Analytical weight balance.

4. Scraper or spatula for removing gelatinous layer.

5. Paper towels.

Procedure

The following procedure is used:

1. Test bar(s) are weighed to establish an initial dry weight datapoint.

2. If desired, initial dry bar hardness/softness may be determined bypenetrometer with cone shaft and 200 gram weight for penetrationmeasurement.

3. Bar(s) are placed centrally on soap dishes containing 5 ml. ofdistilled water at room temperature. Rock the dish to break watertension.

4. Store overnight (approximately 18 hours) in standard room conditionsof temperature and humidity (80° F./80% RH).

5. Next morning, remove bar(s) with a careful vertical lift and invertfor testing.

6. Run ball penetrometer reading on the gelatinous surface, generallythree readings in a triangular design; record the average mm depthreading of gelatinous layer. The shaft ball is cleaned with a tissueafter each reading.

7. Bar(s) are then carefully scraped to remove the gelatinous layer downto the solid surface. Do not use enough force to remove any of the solidsurface area. Slight remaining gelatinous soap may be wiped from barwith paper towels until surface appears firm and somewhat dry.

8. Bar(s) are then allowed to openly dry out on bench surface for nomore than one hour.

9. Bar(s) are then weighed to determine the difference from the initialdry untested weight. The weight difference divided by the originalweight is calculated into % weight loss or % gelatinous smear weight.Data is recorded.

10. Comparison of any given series of data points obtained willillustrate a formula characteristic that may tend to relate to poorersmear or "messiness" attribute. Averaging of historical data on controltype formulas (such as an existing National brand formula) can be usedto establish a benchmark for comparison.

Bar Soap Handwash Lather Volume Test

The handwash lather test is used to provide in-use lather volumemeasurements for the lather performance of skin cleansing bars. The testmeasures both the ultimate lather volume generated and the volume whichis generated after a very short lathering period (to reflect latheringease). The lather volumes are generated under both soil-loaded andnonloaded conditions.

Synthetic soil is used for the soil-loaded lather volume test reportedherein. Its formula and procedure for making it are set out below.

                  TABLE 9                                                         ______________________________________                                        Synthetic Soil                                                                Ingredients      Wt. %                                                        ______________________________________                                        Hyfac 430.sup.a  1.87                                                         Lauric Acid.sup.b                                                                              1.42                                                         Neo-fat 14.sup.c 5.68                                                         Neo-fat 16.sup.d 11.16                                                        Neo-fat 18.sup.e 5.40                                                         Neo-fat 90-04.sup.f                                                                            9.81                                                         Industrene 226.sup.g                                                                           1.26                                                         Paraffin Wax     7.30                                                         Squalane.sup.h   3.70                                                         Lanolin Anhydrous                                                                              19.40                                                        Coconut Oil      3.30                                                         Tallow           29.70                                                                         100.00%                                                      ______________________________________                                         .sup.a Emery Industries, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio                               .sup.b Emery Industries, Inc., Cincinnati, Ohio                               .sup.c Armour Industrial Chemical Co., Chicago, Illinois                      .sup.d Armour Industrial Chemical Co., Chicago, Illinois                      .sup.e Armour Industrial Chemical Co., Chicago, Illinois                      .sup.f Armour Industrial Chemical Co., Chicago, Illinois                      .sup.g Humko Products, Memphis Tennessee                                      .sup.h Robeco Chemicals, Inc., New York, New York                        

Procedure

1. Heat above materials together stirring continuously between 160°-175°F.

2. Mix 25 parts of above formula with 25 parts of a 5% to 80% tallow/20%coconut soap solution and 50 parts of distilled water at 150° F.

3. Cool mixture to room temperature while stirring constantly.

4. Store in covered glass contianer.

Equipment

The following equipment is used:

1. Water source and sink with temperature control. The water sourceshould be medium hardness (6-9 grain/gallon) for most testing, althoughwater of lower and higher hardness can be used for special purposes.

2. Synthetic soil (see Table 9).

3. Paper towels.

4. Test bars.

5. Control bars (i.e., usually marketed brands such as CAMAY® or the barof Example D).

Procedure

The following procedure is used:

1. Set temperature at 95°-100° F.

2. Rub 0.22 cc of soil on hands (if doing soil-loaded test).

3. Wet hands.

4. Rotate bar 3 times in both hands.

5. Add a little water, rub both hands 5 times.

6. Rotate hands 3 times (without soap), grade for flash volume.

7. Rotate 7 more times, grade for ultimate volume.

8. Collect lather and deposite on sink top.

9. Compare volume with standard bar target volume and assign grade.

Grading scale

    ______________________________________                                        Non-soil Loaded     Soil-Loaded                                               ______________________________________                                        10   Very much higher than                                                         target                                                                   9    Higher than target                                                       8    Target volume*     Very much higher than                                                         target                                                7    Lower than target  Higher than target                                    6    Very much lower than                                                                             Target volume*                                             target                                                                   5    Unacceptably lower than                                                                          Slower lower than                                          target             target                                                4    Unacceptably lower than                                                                          Lower than                                                 target             target                                                3    Unacceptably lower than                                                                          Very much lower                                            target                                                                   2    Unacceptably lower than                                                                          Unacceptably low                                           target                                                                   ______________________________________                                         *Based on 50 tallow/50 coconut  7% free fatty acid bar.                  

                  TABLE 7                                                         ______________________________________                                        Bar Formulations                                                                        NaC.sub.12                                                                    Sarco- Free Fatty Acid                                                     Na AGS   sinate   Stearic                                                                             Lauric                                                                              Soap  JR-400                             Example                                                                              Wt. %    Wt. %    Wt. % Wt. % Wt. % Wt. %                              ______________________________________                                        1      42        9.0     18    --    --    0.5                                2      43       10.8     15    10    --    3.0                                3      43       11.4     10    6.8   7.0   3.0                                4      Camay ®                                                            5      Dove ®                                                             ______________________________________                                    

                  TABLE 8                                                         ______________________________________                                        Bar Firmness and Hand Lather                                                                 Hand Lather                                                          Pene-    Smear Wt. Ultimate                                             Ex-   trometer % of       Volume   Flash Volume                               ample mm       Bar Wt.   w/o Soil                                                                             Soil w/o Soil                                                                             Soil                              ______________________________________                                        1     2.9      8.7       8      3    8      2.5                               2     2.6      6.5       8        2.5                                                                              8      2.5                               3     2.3      7.2       8      5    8      4                                 4     1.1      3.2       8        6.5                                                                              8      6.5                               5     1.8      5.0       8      3    8      3                                 ______________________________________                                    

The results listed in Tables 7 and 8 show the importance of utilizingthe preferred ratio of stearic to lauric fatty acis to achieve anacceptable level of firmness and the importance of utilizing soap toachieve an acceptable soil-loaded lather performance. The acceptablelevels of bar firmness are expressed as a penetrometer value of equal toor less than 2.7 and smear weight of equal to or less than 7.5. Theacceptable levels of hand lather are: ultimate volume, without soilequal to or greater than 7.5; with soil, equal to or greater than 4.Flash volume acceptable levels are: without soil, equal to or greaterthan 7.5; with soil, equal to or greater than 4.

Example 1 described a sodium AGS bar formula with acceptable mildnessbut with poor lather and firmness performance. Example 2 demonstratesthe advantage of using a 3:2 ratio of stearic:lauric fatty acids.Example 3 demonstrates the benefit of neutralizing the fatty acids insitu forming 7% soap to boost the soil-loaded lather.

Example 4 is a 50/50 tallow/coconut superfatted soap bar whichdemonstrates very acceptable bar firmness and lather properties. Example5 is the same as Example D which shows acceptable firmness and latherproperties.

Bar Soap Blender Lather Volume Method

Purpose

This quantitative blender lather volume method is used to complimenthand lathering evaluations of different soap formulations.

Equipment

1. Specially designed 500 ml graduate cylinder adapted with blenderimpeller.

2. Waring Blender Base No. 7011-31BL92 with high/low speed switch.

3. Variac Voltage Regulator

Procedure

1. Dissolve 5% by weight of the bar material to be evaluated indistilled water by heating to 150° F. (65.7° C.).

2. Add 10 mls of soap solution to 90 mls of water both at 38° C. in a100 ml graduate.

3. Immediately pour resultant 0.5% solution into blender graduate.

4. Set blender to run at about 4700 rpm's (high speed) and blendsolution for fifteen seconds.

5. After blending read lather height on cylinder.

6. Replicate a minimum of three times and average.

The effect of varying the amount of soap in Example L (by convertingfree fatty acid to soap with NaOH) on lather volume (using the blendermethod) is shown in FIG. 6. This curve demonstrates that lather volumeis increased by the selected levels of soap in the formulation.

Thus, it has been demonstrated that an ultra mild skin cleansingcomposition can be made with selected mild synthetic surfactants;selected moisturizers; polymeric skin feel and mildness aids; andselected levels of soap.

What is claimed is:
 1. An ultra mild skin cleansing toilet barcomposition consisting essentially of:A. 20-70% mild syntheticsurfactant; B. 10-40% moisturizer; C. 0.1-5% polymeric skin mildnessaid, and D. 5.5-25% soap;wherein said synthetic surfactant and said soaphave a ratio of from 2:1 to 12:1; and wherein said moisturizer to soaphave a ratio of from 1:1 to 7:1; and wherein said mild surfactant isselected from the group consisting of: alkyl glyceryl ether sulfonate(AGS); anionic acyl sarcosinates; methyl acyl taurates; N-acylglutamates; alkyl glucosides; acyl isethionates; alkyl surlosuccinate;alkyl phosphate ester; alkyl ether sulfate; ethoxylated alkyl phosphateesters; methyl glucose esters; protein condensates; mixtures ofethoxylated alkyl sulfates and alkyl amine oxides; betaines; sultaines;and mixtures thereof; andwherein said mild synthetic surfactant containsat least one surfactant selected from mild anionic or mild amphotericsurfactants; and wherein said composition cleanses with reduced skindryness; and wherein said composition has improved lather due to saidpolymer and soap.
 2. The ultramild skin cleansing toilet bar compositionof claim 1 wherein the moisture content of said bar is about 5%.
 3. Theulta mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein said syntheticto soap ratio is 4:1 to 10:1.
 4. The ultra mild skin cleansingcomposition of claim 1 wherein said moisturizer to soap ratio is from1:1 to 4:1.
 5. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1wherein said mild surfactant is an AGS/sarcosinate mix having ratio of1:1 to 5:1.
 6. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 5wherein said AGS/sarcosinate has a ratio of 2:1 to 4:1.
 7. The ultramild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein said concentrate alsocontains a co-surfactant selected from the group consisting of nonionic,amphoteric betaine or amphoteric sultaine, and wherein the mildsurfactant and the co-surfactant have a ratio of 1:1 to 5:1; said mildsurfactant being other than betaine or sultaine.
 8. The ultra mild skincleansing composition of claim 1 wherein said composition is a toiletbar which contains from 5.5-20% soap and wherein said soap is made insitu from free fatty acids and a base selected from KOH, Mg(OH)₂, NaOHand triethanolamine.
 9. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition ofclaim 8 wherein said soap is 6-15% of said composition; and wherein saidcomposition contains from 10-30% fatty acids; and wherein said base isselected from NaOH and triethanolamine.
 10. The ultra mild skincleansing composition of claim 1 wherein the moisturizer is selectedfrom the group of:1. water-soluble liquid polyols;
 2. essential aminoacid compounds found naturally occurring in the stratum corneum of theskin;
 3. water-soluble nonpolyol nonocclusives and mixtures thereof. 11.The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein saidmoisturizer is selected from the group consisting of said amino acidcompounds and said liquid polyols.
 12. The ultra mild skin cleansingcomposition of claim 1 wherein the moisturizer is selected from thegroup consisting of glycerin, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol,sorbitol, polyethylene gylcol and proplylene glycol ethers of methylglucose, polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol ethers of lanolinalcohol, sodium pyrrolidone carboxylic acid, lactic acid, L-proline, andmixtures thereof.
 13. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim1 wherein said moisturizer is a mixture of coco and tallow fatty acids.14. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein themoisturizer is selected from the group consisting of petrolatum, mineraloil, beeswax, silicones, lanolin and oil-soluble lanolin derivatives,saturated and unsaturated fatty alcohols such as behenyl alcohol,squalene and squalane, and various animal and vegetable oils selectedfrom almond oil, peanutoil, wheat germ oil, linseed oil, jojoba oil, oilof apricot pits, walnuts, palm nuts, pistachio nuts, sesame seeds,rapeseed, cade oil, corn oil, peach pit oil, poppyseed oil, pine oil,castor oil, soybean oil, avocado oil, safflower oil, coconut oil,hazelnut oil, olive oil, grape seed oil, sunflower seed oil and mixturesthereof.
 15. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1wherein said moisturizer is present at a level of 10-30% of saidcomposition and said moisturizer to soap ratio is from 2:1 to 4:1. 16.The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein saidmoisturizer is present at a level of 10-30% of said composition.
 17. Theultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein said polymer isa cationic polymer.
 18. The composition of claim 1 wherein said polymeris selected from cationic and nonionic cellulosic resins.
 19. The ultramild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein said polymer isselected from the group consisting of cationic and nonionicpolysaccharides; cationic and nonionic homopolymers and copolymersderived from acrylic and/or methacrylic acid; cationic copolymers ofdimethyldiallylammonium chlorid and acrylic acid; cationic homopolymersof dimethyldiallylammonium chloride; cationic polyalkylene andethoxypolyalkylene imines, and mixtures thereof.
 20. The ultra mild skincleansing composition of claim 12 wherein said polymer is a cationicguar gum.
 21. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1wherein said polymer is present at 0.3-4% by weight; and saidmoisturizer is free fatty acids is present at 10-30% by weight of saidcomposition.
 22. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1wherein said mild synthetic surfactant is present at a level of 40-70%of said composition, and wherein said mild synthetic surfactant has aRelative Skin Barrier Penetration Value of from about 7 to about
 75. 23.The ultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein said mildsynthetic surfactant is present at a level of 50-65% of said compositionand wherein said synthetic surfactant has a Relative Skin BarrierPenetration Value of less than
 50. 24. The ultra mild skin cleansingcomposition of claim 1 whereinA. said mild surfactant is present at40-70%; B. said moisturizer at 10-35%; C. said polymer at 1.5-4%; and D.said soap at 6-15%.
 25. The ultra mild skin cleansing composition ofclaim 23 wherein said composition is a toilet bar which contains from6-8% soap, 12-25% moisturizer, and 2-5% polymeric skin feel aid.
 26. Theultra mild skin cleansing composition of claim 1 wherein saidAGS/sarcosinate has a ratio of 2:1 to 4:1.
 27. The ultra mild skincleansing composition of claims 4, 6, 8, 9, 21, 23, 24, 25, 1 or 2wherein said bar has a firmness penetrometer value of 2.7 or less and asmear weight value of 7.5 or less.